Glossary of terms

The purpose of Python's assignment statement is to associate names with values in your program. It is the only statement that does not start with a keyword. An assignment statement is a line containing at least one single equal sign (=) that is not inside parentheses.
As an example x = 10 means : associate variable x with the value 10, or my_name = "Alice" means : associate variable my_name with value 'Alice'.

Boolean values are the two constant objects False and True. They are used to represent truth values (other values can also be considered false or true).

In numeric contexts (for example, when used as the argument to an arithmetic operator), they behave like the integers 0 and 1, respectively.

not changing or varying

Debugging in computer programming is fixing errors. Usually is a multistep process that involves identifying a problem, isolating the source of the problem, and then either correcting the problem or determining a way to work around it. The final step of debugging is to test the correction or workaround and make sure it works.

Any integer that can be divided exactly by 2 is an even number.
The last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.
Example: −24, 0, 6 and 38 are all even numbers.

Also called floats, they represent real numbers and are written with a decimal point dividing the integer and fractional parts.

Examples : 3.5    -256.67

Humidity is the amount or degree of moisture in the air. A quantity representing the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere. 

Indentation is the change of the number of spaces in front of one or more lines of code. When you indent one or more lines you create a block of code which executed in an if or a loop command. All indented lines have to be equally indented. It is common to use 4 spaces to indent code.

A number with no fractional part. 

Includes: 

• the counting numbers {1, 2, 3, ...}, 
  
• zero {0}, 
  
• and the negative of the counting numbers {-1, -2, -3, ...}
  

We can write them all down like this: {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}

Examples of integers: -16, -3, 0, 1, 198

Repeated execution of a set of statements is called iteration. Because iteration is so common, Python provides several language features to make it easier.  The for and the while commands use the iteration procedure

Loops are traditionally used when you have a block of code which you want to repeat. The Python for statement iterates over the members of a sequence in order, executing the block each time. For loops are traditionally used when you have a block of code which you want to repeat a fixed number of times. The Python for statement iterates over the members of a sequence in order, executing the block each time. Contrast the for statement with the ''while'' loop, used when a condition needs to be checked in each iteration, or to repeat a block of code forever.

Any integer (not a fraction) that cannot be divided exactly by 2. 
The last digit is 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9.
Example: −3, 1, 7 and 35 are all odd numbers.

Operators are the constructs which can manipulate the value of operands.
Consider the expression 4 + 5 = 9. Here, 4 and 5 are called operands and + is called operator.
Operators are

• arithmetic : +, -, *, /, **,
  
• comparison : > , <, ==, !=, >=, <=
• boolean: AND, OR, NOT, XOR, NOR, NAND, XNOR
  

A letter or symbol that cannot be used because it is being utilized in another location or by the operating system. For example, many operating systems reserve the following characters: "\, /, :, *, ?, ", <, >, and |" and disallow these characters from being used when saving or renaming a file.

programs written for a special run-time environment that automate the execution of tasks that could alternatively be executed one-by-one by a human operator

a person or thing that watches or stands as if watching

Strings are among the most popular types in Python. We can create them simply by enclosing characters in quotes. Python treats single quotes the same as double quotes. Creating strings is as simple as assigning a value to a variable.

Example : "This is a string"

               'This is also a string'

The result of adding two or more numbers.

Example: 9 is the sum of 2, 4 and 3 
(because 2 + 4 + 3 = 9).

A temperature is an objective comparative measurement of hot or cold. It is measured by a thermometer. Several scales and units exist for measuring temperature, the most common being Celsius (denoted °C; formerly called centigrade), Fahrenheit (denoted °F), and, especially in science, Kelvin (denoted K).

A tuple is a sequence of immutable Python objects. Tuples are sequences, just like lists. The differences between tuples and lists are, the tuples cannot be changed unlike lists and tuples use parentheses, whereas lists use square brackets

A sort or category of data that can be represented by Python. Any variable we use has a type of: string, integer, long, floating point, list, tuple, or dictionary.

existing only one time, being only once

Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values. This means that when you create a variable you reserve some space in memory.

Anything that stores in a variable replaces the previous value inside.